With the emergence of satellite position fixing systems, position determination at sea today has been reduced only to plotting of latitude and longitude read from the GPS screen display. Positions so obtained have very high level of accuracy, provided the equipment is working accurately. Radar
POSITION FIXING Good navigational practice demands that the officer of the watch: ● Uses visual navigation aids and Radar to support electronic position-fixing methods, i.e. landmarks in coastal areas and celestial navigation in Ocean passage / Deep waters.● Does not become over reliant on automated
What is ISPS code? ISPS code is the International Ship and Port facility Security code. SOLAS chapter XI-2 part A and part B relates to special measures to enhance maritime security. In this context the principles behind ISPS code is similar to the ISM code
What is a liner trade and how is it different from a tramp trade Liner trade is a trade where a ship is operated on one or more fixed routes with advertised and scheduled sailing. True passenger liners operating on ocean services were mostly displaced
The mystery, the fear and the feeling of – “I don’t want to know” which surrounds the binnacle arises from several causes. Perhaps the greatest is simply the lack of urgency or necessity. There seems to be nothing abroad ship which makes it essential that
CHECKS PRIOR USING ECDIS FOR APPRAISAL AND PASSAGE PLANNING Following checks should be carried out by the Navigating Officer while carrying out passage planning on ECDIS: Not all sea areas are covered by ENC charts. The electronic chart coverage for the voyage must be adequate
Oil tanker – A ship constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in its cargo spaces. This includes combination carrier and any chemical tanker when they carry a cargo or part cargo of oil in bulk. Beam and draft restriction have led to
Deficiencies During an inspection the PSC inspector may identify one or more deficiencies and include these in the PSC inspection report. Each deficiency has a unique code. In the FORM B, it is also mentioned when the deficiency should be rectified. With all deficiencies, the
Below guidelines should be used by the vessel’s staff prior to arrival into port. The categories and items identified below are items that have been identified as top Port State detention items on board vessels. Below guidelines should be used in conjunction with the normal
Maintenance, testing and inspections for fire protection systems as well as fire-fighting systems and appliances are required in accordance with SOLAS Chapter II-2/14.2.2 as quoted below. 2.2 Maintenance, testing and inspections 2.2.1 Maintenance, testing and inspections shall be carried out based on the guidelines developed