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Why the vessel has to be inclined ??? To obtain the metacentric height it is necessary to determine the position of the centre of gravity `G’. This calculation consists of two parts. a) The first is the finding of the height of the metacentre ‘M’ above the keel ‘K’. This is purely geometrical depending only…
When in port the ship either anchors or moors to facilitate loading and discharging operations. Each of these operations requires skills and detailed knowledge of the capability of the ship and local conditions. A pilot may provide some of these but there are some ports where the master may be required to berth his ship…
Flags of convenience came into existence in the late sixties. In the earlier stage, they were not welcome. Now they have not only come to stay but the established maritime nations also are now establishing such registration procedures. We shall learn why flag of convenience came into existence and their effect on shipping in general….
International Tonnage Certificate (1969) An International Tonnage Certificate (1969) shall be issued to every ship, the gross and net tonnage of which have been determined in accordance with the Convention. International Load line Certificate An International Load Line Certificate shall be issued under the provisions of the International Convention on Load Lines, 1966, to every…
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Aim Carrying cargo with care is our first aim and ventilation is one of the aspects that we need to ensure at all time. Let us see what ventilation means. Introduction As you know, most of the cargoes are loaded in cargo compartments. These are closed before proceeding to sea, to prevent any external elements,…
Preamble IMO began work on the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System in the 1970s and its introduction marks the biggest change in maritime communications since the invention of radio. It has been introduced in stages between 1993 and 1st February 1999. The basic concept of the system is that search and rescue authorities ashore,…
Loading cargoes on board involves ensuring that the space available is used most efficiently. It is therefore first necessary to work out the spaces available, tonnage that can be loaded and the limitations that are paced by the cargo itself. The module takes into account the mathematics involved in the process. Grain and Bale Spaces/Capacities…
No job is complete before the paper work is done and this hold true for us seafarers also. There are various documents related to cargo which you must be aware of when loading, carrying and discharging cargoes. A few basic ones are mentioned below. Some of them are needed to evidence the loading I unloading…
Aim To understand the construction of various types of ships. In this module we will study the salient features of construction in different types of ships. Oil Tanker Twin longitudinal bulkheads divide the tank section into port, starboard and centre tanks. In most old tankers there is no double bottom. Longitudinal features strengthen the main…
Preamble It is just not possible to know every ship in its details. In order therefore that officers and engineers are in a position to acquire more information, the ship builder and the shipowner provides plans and other details about the ship on board. These plans like the general arrangement plans are available as they…