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Collisions and groundings are a result of unsafe practices. Let look at the why collisions occur and how they can be prevented by implementing safe practices. Collisions in Fog The majority of collision claims seem to occur in fog or reduced visibility. Statistical analyses of these have shown that: The collision occurs during the watch…
With the emergence of satellite position fixing systems, position determination at sea today has been reduced only to plotting of latitude and longitude read from the GPS screen display. Positions so obtained have very high level of accuracy, provided the equipment is working accurately. Radar and LORAN, where available are very frequently used navigational aids…
POSITION FIXING Good navigational practice demands that the officer of the watch: ● Uses visual navigation aids and Radar to support electronic position-fixing methods, i.e. landmarks in coastal areas and celestial navigation in Ocean passage / Deep waters.● Does not become over reliant on automated navigational equipment, including electronic chart systems, thereby failing to make…
What is ISPS code? ISPS code is the International Ship and Port facility Security code. SOLAS chapter XI-2 part A and part B relates to special measures to enhance maritime security. In this context the principles behind ISPS code is similar to the ISM code on board. ISPS code emphasises the security of the persons…
What is a liner trade and how is it different from a tramp trade Liner trade is a trade where a ship is operated on one or more fixed routes with advertised and scheduled sailing. True passenger liners operating on ocean services were mostly displaced in the 1960s by jet airliners. Today, very few long-haul…
The mystery, the fear and the feeling of – “I don’t want to know” which surrounds the binnacle arises from several causes. Perhaps the greatest is simply the lack of urgency or necessity. There seems to be nothing abroad ship which makes it essential that the navigator should remove unwanted deviation. It is not even…
CHECKS PRIOR USING ECDIS FOR APPRAISAL AND PASSAGE PLANNING Following checks should be carried out by the Navigating Officer while carrying out passage planning on ECDIS: Not all sea areas are covered by ENC charts. The electronic chart coverage for the voyage must be adequate and all relevant charts must be fully corrected. For areas…
Oil tanker – A ship constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in its cargo spaces. This includes combination carrier and any chemical tanker when they carry a cargo or part cargo of oil in bulk. Beam and draft restriction have led to a few preferred sizes of oil tankers: About 35,000-45,000dwt: Panamax…
Deficiencies During an inspection the PSC inspector may identify one or more deficiencies and include these in the PSC inspection report. Each deficiency has a unique code. In the FORM B, it is also mentioned when the deficiency should be rectified. With all deficiencies, the applicable convention reference should be included. With the deficiency there…
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Below guidelines should be used by the vessel’s staff prior to arrival into port. The categories and items identified below are items that have been identified as top Port State detention items on board vessels. Below guidelines should be used in conjunction with the normal pre-port arrival and departure checks required by international regulations and…