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INDEPENDENT TANKS These types of tanks are completely self-supporting and do not form part of the ship’s hull and do not contribute to the hull strength. Depending mainly on design pressure, there are three different types of independent tanks for gas carriers, Types A, B and C MARVS: – Maximum Allowable Relief Valve setting on…
Inert gas system The salient features of the inert gas regulations are listed below Note: Nitrogen generators are now used on Chemical tankers due to the nature of Nitrogen (No soot or water carry over). The system consists of the following components Boiler uptake valves Two pipes used to direct the Flue gases emanating from…
The circumstances of a substantial claim recently settled by the Club in respect to cargo contamination and shortage clearly underline the fact that some masters do not understand that the suitability of cargo spaces for the intended cargo is their responsibility and theirs alone. Inadequate Cleaning of Cargo Tanks In this instance, the ship had…
Cargo heating Normally cargo heating uses steam as the media for heat exchange, but some ships use special hydraulic oil as a medium. The voyage orders will clearly indicate if the cargo requires heating and the temperature to be maintained. Normally the heating clause in a charter party requires the cargo to be carried at…
Stowage on container vessels The modern container vessel is also divided into holds, but using a similar system for containers would be impossible as a hold may contain anywhere between 50 to 250 containers and the port stay is in hours. Some system to identify each slot in which a container could be loaded had…
Tank cleaning It is customary to clean the cargo tanks as a preparation to load the next cargo after the cargo is discharged and the tanker sails out from the discharge port. This is done because the next cargo may not be compatible with the earlier cargo or the vessels cargo tanks may have to…
Types of Valves You have by now understood the functions of a valve. These act as controls and allow or stop flow of any material. In the study of these valves, it is necessary to understand: The mechanism which controls the flow, Operation of the mechanism, Maintenance needs, Common problems that are normally experienced in…
METHODS OF CONTROL Before any cargo operations are carried out it is essential that cargo tanks be thoroughly inspected for cleanliness; that all loose objects are removed; and that all fittings are properly secured. In addition, any free water must be removed. Once this inspection has been completed, the cargo tank should be securely closed…
A cargo pump is a machine used to propel the liquid cargo from the tank into a pipe so that it may reach the shore tank (be discharged). We have learnt in our school days that the atmosphere can support a column of 10.336 m of fresh water (i.e. water of density 1.0000 kg/cm2). This…
Oil cargoes, like any other substance, can be measured in volume or weight. The volume will vary with temperature and hence it should be expressed in standard units so that a comparative study can be made. Temperature is measured in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees centigrade. The standard temperature used for all cargo calculations is 15º…