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Distress is the most serious form of emergency and means that a vessel, aircraft, person or the environment is in grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance. A distress signal, also known as a distress call, is an internationally recognized means for obtaining help. Distress signals at sea are defined in the international regulations…
There have been a significant number of groundings, collisions and near miss incidents caused as a result of maneuvering in an anchorage, dragging anchor or leaving it too late before heaving up an anchor in poor weather. These incidents have resulted in the loss of lives, pollution and costs running into tens of millions of…
It records the Gyro course steered by the vessel continuously against a time scale. The record is considered as useful and vital evidence in case of any accident. The equipment is set at the commencement of a voyage with correct time and then switched on for operation. Once set, the course recorder records the Gyro…
AIS is a system that transmits vessel position, course and speed via a VHF radio channel to all ships within range (typically up to 30 miles). It also receives similar information from other AIS equipped vessels within range. Automatic identification system (AIS) is fitted aboard ships on international voyage with 300 or more gross tonnage…
When a ship has to steer a single course for a long time it would be tiresome for the helmsman to concentrate and steer. The aytopilot does the job of the helmsman by continuously obtaining feedback from the gyrocompass and commanding the steering gear approporately such that the ship steers the course set by the…
Avoiding damage to the anchor system If the paid out length of the chain has to be adjusted, or when the anchor heave-in-operations has to be started, ensure there is minimum tension in the chain. The windlass is not designed for breaking out an embedded anchor or hauling the vessel as the motor is the…
Annex V prevention of pollution by garbage from ships (entered into force 31 December 1988) Revised annex V entered into force 1 January 2013. The purpose of Annex V of the MARPOL convention is to eliminate and reduce the amount of garbage being dumped into the sea from ships. Garbage from Ships Annex V Comminuted…
Parallel indexing is an effective way of monitoring a vessels progress along a preselected track using a radar. As a vessel moves on its chosen heading, fixed objects in its radar vicinity appear to be moving in a reciprocal direction to this motion. This technique provides the radar observer with a real time view of…
A compass is equipment which is used to find direction while at sea. A compass tells the direction in which the ship is going or the direction of any other object. An azimuth mirror is used in conjunction with a compass. This device enables the operator to measure bearings of celestial and terrestrial objects. Purpose…
The speed log is a device used to measure the speed and also the number of nautical miles the vessel has travelled through the water in a given time. Type of speed measurements This is the speed of the vessel with respect to the solid earth. All satellite navigation systems (GPS,GLONASS, etc) provide speed over…