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When a ship with negative initial metacentric height is inclined to a small angle, the righting lever is negative, resulting in a capsizing moment. This effect is shown in Figure and it can be seen that the ship will tend to heel still further. At a large angle of heel the centre of buoyancy will…
Bill of Lading : Functions of Bill of Lading : 1. Document of title – whoever holds the B/L is the Owner of goods, 2. Receipt for the cargo, signed by the master or by the owner’s port agents on behalf of carrier, with remarks as to the condition of the cargo, 3. Evidence of Contract i.e contract between two(2) parties,…
What is Gauging ? Ullage and Sounding Usually ullages are used for calculation. In rare cases soundings may be used What is interface? The water in the cargo settles after loading and is called free water. Interface is the separation level between the cargo and the free water . Trim Correction To obtain the actual…
Sextant A sextant is an instrument used to measure the angle between any two visible objects. Its primary use is to determine the angle between a celestial object and the horizon which is known as the object’s altitude. Using this measurement is known as taking a sight and it is an essential part of celestial…
Duties of an Officer on Watch (OOW) on the bridge The primary duties of an Officer on Watch are: (i) Watchkeeping, (ii) Navigation and (iii) GMDSS radio watchkeeping. Officer on Watch is a representative of the master and is primarily responsible at all times for the safe navigation of the ship and for complying with…
Port State Control Port State control, or PSC, is the exercise of the right of a port State, when granting permission to a foreign flagged ship to enter a port of the port State, to inspect the vessel to ensure that it meets international safety, pollution and other requirements. Although the flag State and owner…
1. The Supplementary Fund Protocol, which was adopted in 2003, entered into force in 2005, thereby establishing the International Oil Pollution Compensation Supplementary Fund, 2003 (Supplementary Fund). 2. The Supplementary Fund provides additional compensation beyond the amount available under the 1992 Fund Convention in 1992 Fund Member States which are also Parties to the Protocol. 3. The…
Definitions A Tropical Cyclone is also called as a Tropical Revolving Storm (TRS). It is defined as a roughly circular atmospheric vortex, originating in the tropics or sub tropics, wherein the winds which blow in converging spiral tracks reach or exceed gale force i.e. Beaufort Force 8 (34 – 40 Knots / 62 – 74…
Purpose Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports to verify that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international rules and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with these rules . These inspections were originally intended to be a back up…
Preparations Before entry: • Check the stability of the vessel, especially during critical period. • Check the vessel at required draft. • No list. • Prepare mooring lines. • Unused mooring lines stowed. • Standby for dock master and dock mooring gang. • Proper flags displayed as required. • Free surface effects minimum. • Movable…