Safe ports and berths
Generally a port can be rendered unsafe due to: Sandbanks and shallows Obstructions such as wrecks An inadequate system at…
Notice Of Readiness
A Notice of Readiness (“NOR”) is a notification by the vessel that she is ready to start the charter service…
Tanker cargo shortage and contamination claims
There are many areas where the transfer of bulk liquid cargoes and the methods used can give rise to either…
ECDIS (Safe or Risk to Navigation)
Numerous groundings and near misses have occurred on ECDIS equipped ships that could have been avoided but for failures in…
Navigation Safe Practices (II)
Safe practices in navigation are an important aspect of the overall safety of the ship. Perhaps more important than knowing…
Navigation Safe Practices
Collisions and groundings are a result of unsafe practices. Let look at the why collisions occur and how they can…
Principles of Position Determination
With the emergence of satellite position fixing systems, position determination at sea today has been reduced only to plotting of…
Position Fixing
POSITION FIXING Good navigational practice demands that the officer of the watch: ● Uses visual navigation aids and Radar to…
Understanding ISPS Code
What is ISPS code? ISPS code is the International Ship and Port facility Security code. SOLAS chapter XI-2 part A…
Charter Party
What is a liner trade and how is it different from a tramp trade Liner trade is a trade where…