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Parametric rolling occurs when the pitching period is either equal to or half of that of the rolling period. Large roll angles may occur quickly in head or stern seas or nearly head or stern seas. The roll angle may increase from a few degrees to over 30 degrees in only a few cycles. It…
World Scale Average Freight Rate Assessment (AFRA)
CBA procedure between employer and employee Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) It is a tri parties agreement between company, seaman and the Union. This is the document which details all the terms and conditions of the crew employed on the ship. It specifies entitlements such as pay (in the form of a wage scale), working hours,…
Working System consists of a freshwater tank, freshwater pump, solenoid valves, nozzle, control unit, etc. At the time of fire, fresh water pump takes suction from fresh water tank to the sprinklersystem at high pressure.Each area separated by isolating valves which will operate during fire. How to Activate hyper mist system:- It can be done…
Protection and Indemnity insurance, or as it is more commonly known – ‘P&I’, is the policy ship owners purchase to protect them against liability claims from crew, passengers and third parties. Liability claims include those such as collision, property damage, pollution, environmental damage and removal of wrecks, Personal injury, illness and death claims from the…
Man overboard is a potentially dangerous situation for a ship at sea. Among the many threats that could undermine the proper course of the voyage of a vessel, accidents related to man falling overboard is one of them. Unfortunately, according to a report, a high percentage of all overboard incidents end in death. It is…
Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks The Convention was adopted by an international conference held in Nairobi, Capital of Kenya, in 2007. It entered into force in 2015. The Convention provides the legal basis for States to remove, or have removed, shipwrecks that may have the potential to affect adversely the safety of…
(Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of MaritimeNavigation / Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety ofFixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf) The SUA Convention and the Protocol was adopted in 1988 and entered into force in 1992. Concern about unlawful acts which threaten the safety of…
Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC) The LLMC Convention was adopted in 1976 and entered into force in 1986. The 1996 Protocol entered into force in 2004. The Convention provides for a virtually unbreakable system of limiting liability. In the LLMC Convention, limits are specified for two types of claims – Other…
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On March 24, 1989, the ‘Exxon Valdez’ spilled over 11 million gallons of Alaskan crude oil in the water of Prince William Sound. The two most important lessons learned in the aftermath of the spill were:- a) The United States lacked adequate resources, particularly Federal funds, to respond to spills.b) The scope of damages compensable…