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Updating ENC Data: ENCs are updated by weekly ‘Notices to Mariners’ issued by Hydrographic Offices / Regional ENC co-ordination centers ( RENC) and corrections are received on the vessel either by email or data file (AVCS DVD). The actual updating is either applied to the ECDIS chart database automatically or by the user. The ECDIS…
In mid September a loaded container ship is in position 26˚ 30’ N 121˚ 20’ E bound through the strait of Taiwanfor Honkong, steaming on a SW’ly course at 16 kts. A weather report from indicates that a typhoon currently inposition 21˚ 30’ N 117˚ 15’ E has re-curved on to a NE path, moving…
Wind pattern The wind direction and speed is determined by the position of the Highs and Lows. Wind flows outwards from the high and towards the low, in the northern hemisphere the direction of wind isanticlockwise around a low and clock wise around a high, similarly in the southern hemisphere the wind flowstowards the low…
Pressure patterns: Common for July and January Permanent High in North and South Atlantic (35˚N/S)Permanent High in the Indian ocean SE of Mozambique (35˚S)Permanent high in North and south pacific (35˚N) and 35˚S off Chilean coast.Permanent Low SW of Iceland close to the east coast of green land. July (Northern summer / Southern winter) Atlantic:…
North Atlantic: July: Northern Summer January: Northern Winter South Atlantic / S. Indian Ocean / South Pacific Ocean January (summer): Pack Ice: July (winter): The icebergs can be traced as follows:
Specific regulation RADIO REPORTING SYSTEM: MARITIME RADIO SERVICE: PILOTAGE SERVICES:
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ADOPTED AND NON-ADOPTED ROUTEING SCHEMES. ADOPTED SCHEMES: NON-ADOPTED SCHEMES: FIVE PRECISE OBJECTIVES OF THE IMO ROUTEING. STATE WHERE INFORMATION ON TSS CAN BE OBTAINED. Non-compliance with the TSS is considered a serious maritime offence, on summary conviction is liable to a fineof maximum £ 50,000/-
Passage through Magellan Straits (Points for consideration) • An alternative route between E and W coast of S. America.• There are extreme difficulties and dangers when both E and W bound.• The dangers are those associated with narrow channels and harbour accentuated by the prevalence of bad weather and generally foul and rocky character of…
WOP is the point on the initial course at which the wheel is put over to initiate the turning of the vessel. The distance between the WOP and the point at which the ship commences its turn is denoted by „F‟ and depends on the size of the vessel, its loading condition, speed, trim and…
Rudder Cycling works on the principle of diverting the fore and aft thrust sideways but not really taking the vessel sideways. Alternately, the similar manoeuvre is done on other side. Rudder Cycling is found extremely effective in reducing the vessel’s speed in a given period and takes the vessel through minimum distance in original direction….