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The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III). The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights…
What is ‘Note of protest’? In what circumstances, will you note a protest? What all documents will be required? Note of Protest or a NOP is a solemn declaration under oath by a Ship Master of circumstances beyond his control which have or may have given rise to loss and/or damage to his ship or…
The burning of any fuel onboard ship, creates exhaust gases or emissions and most of these have an effect on the environment. The quality of the fuel oil being burnt influences the level and type of emission, however, cylinder lubricating oil also produces emissions as it is a hydrocarbon and contains chemical additives. Some of…
What is ISPS code? ISPS code is the International Ship and Port facility Security code. SOLAS chapter XI-2 part A and part B relates to special measures to enhance maritime security. In this context the principles behind ISPS code is similar to the ISM code on board. ISPS code emphasises the security of the persons…
Introduction The present day P&I market provides third party liability cover to the ship owners worldwide on a non-profit making “mutual” basis as opposed to the commercial insurers who understandably provide insurance for all other risks to earn profit in order to pay dividends to their share holders. The structure of this non profit “mutual”…
BASIC PRINCIPLES a) Legal dispute is an inherent risk in shipping business. b) Availability of evidence is essential in settling any dispute. c) If good, clear and methodical records and documents are produced, following advantages will accrue : Disputes and claims will be resolved quickly. Lengthy legal wrangles will be avoided. Legal costs will reduce….
Adoption: 23 March 2001; Entry into force: 21 November 2008 The Convention was adopted to ensure that adequate, prompt, and effective compensation is available to persons who suffer damage caused by spills of oil, when carried as fuel in ships’ bunkers. The Convention applies to damage caused on the territory, including the territorial sea, and…
What is Towage?? Towage is the act of having one ship or boat pull (tow) another. The puller is referred to as the tug, while the vessel pulled is referred to as the tow. Ships specialized for towing are called tugboats. Ships without motive power, which can only be moved by towing, are called barges. As defined in…
Adoption: 29 November 1969; Entry into force: 19 June 1975; Being replaced by 1992 Protocol: Adoption: 27 November 1992; Entry into force: 30 May 1996 The Civil Liability Convention was adopted to ensure that adequate compensation is available to persons who suffer oil pollution damage resulting from maritime casualties involving oil-carrying ships. The Convention places…
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1. The Supplementary Fund Protocol, which was adopted in 2003, entered into force in 2005, thereby establishing the International Oil Pollution Compensation Supplementary Fund, 2003 (Supplementary Fund). 2. The Supplementary Fund provides additional compensation beyond the amount available under the 1992 Fund Convention in 1992 Fund Member States which are also Parties to the Protocol. 3. The…