The Gauging system Most of the terminals these days demand that a closed gauging / sampling system be followed on all tankers at their terminals. This means that the tanker must be able to gauge or sample the cargo in her tanks manually or automatically
Containers A standard container is basically a rectangular box with 5 sides closed and the sixth being the door. A box can be constructed in many ways, two most commonly used methods are: (a) Construction using same material throughout & (b) Using a
INDEPENDENT TANKS These types of tanks are completely self-supporting and do not form part of the ship’s hull and do not contribute to the hull strength. Depending mainly on design pressure, there are three different types of independent tanks for gas carriers, Types A, B
The circumstances of a substantial claim recently settled by the Club in respect to cargo contamination and shortage clearly underline the fact that some masters do not understand that the suitability of cargo spaces for the intended cargo is their responsibility and theirs alone. Inadequate
Cargo heating Normally cargo heating uses steam as the media for heat exchange, but some ships use special hydraulic oil as a medium. The voyage orders will clearly indicate if the cargo requires heating and the temperature to be maintained. Normally the heating clause in
Stowage on container vessels The modern container vessel is also divided into holds, but using a similar system for containers would be impossible as a hold may contain anywhere between 50 to 250 containers and the port stay is in hours. Some system to identify
Types of Valves You have by now understood the functions of a valve. These act as controls and allow or stop flow of any material. In the study of these valves, it is necessary to understand: The mechanism which controls the flow, Operation of the
METHODS OF CONTROL Before any cargo operations are carried out it is essential that cargo tanks be thoroughly inspected for cleanliness; that all loose objects are removed; and that all fittings are properly secured. In addition, any free water must be removed. Once this inspection
Harmful substances in packaged form are transported in freight containers, portable tanks or road and rail tank wagons, etc Hazards of transporting harmful substance in packaged form: During transportation they may cause environmental pollution: By leaking to hold bilges on container vessels Pollution from loss
Coal is a potentially hazardous cargo and serious incidents continue to arise. In some instances it would appear that those on board were not entirely familiar with the risks, and on other occasions the coal was not carried in accordance with regulatory requirements or best